At one time Count Ru'dolph of the family of Haps'burg was emperor. He was of Swiss birth. He loved his people and protected them; but after him came his son Albert, a cruel tyrant. He was determined to bring the Swiss under the rule of Austria, and he was especially bitter against the Forest Cantons. He set governors over them who were free to insult the people, steal from them, imprison them, or even put them to death. The worst of all the governors was a man named Gess'ler, and the land was full of tales of his insole and wickedness.

Gessler seemed determined to humble the Swiss in every possible way. One day he put an Aus'tri-an hat on a pole and set it up in the market-place with the command that every one who passed should bow down to it as if it were the emperor himself. William Tell, a bold mountaineer, walked through the place with his little son, and did not salute the hat. He was seized by the guards. Gessler told him that since he carried a bow, he might display his archery by shooting an apple from the head of his son, and if he succeeded in doing it without killing the child his own life should be spared. Tell pleaded not to be driven to make so cruel a trial, but the tyrant forced him to do it. He hit the apple, and the people shouted with joy, but Gessler demanded suspiciously, "Why did you take out a second arrow?" Tell replied boldly, "For you, if I had slain my child." Gessler was furious. He threw Tell into chains and that night started to take him across the Lake of the Four Cantons to a prison on the other side. A fearful storm arose. "Tell knows the lake, and he is the only man that can save us," declared the peasants who were rowing. "Unbind him, then!" bade the frightened governor, "and give him the helm." Tell was unbound. He did know the lake and he knew where a rock jutted out into the water, knew it so well that he could find it in the storm and darkness. He guided the boat to it, made a bold spring to the rock, gave a thrust to the boat, and in a moment he was free on the land and Gessler was tossing on the lake. The governor was saved, but the next day he and his escort had to pass through some deep woods. He was exclaiming, "Let him surrender, or one of his children dies to-morrow, another on the second day, and his wife on the third," when suddenly an arrow whizzed through the branches, and the tyrant fell dead. Whether the arrow came from Tell's bow, no one knew.

Before this, some of the bold mountaineers had met under the stars one night on a little point that stretched out into a lake, and had sworn to stand together to free themselves from the tyranny of the Haps'burgs. The Duke himself came with an army to subdue the rebellious Swiss; but as his lines were marching through a deep, narrow pass, suddenly rocks and trunks of trees were hurled down upon them. Then came the Swiss with their clubs and pikes, and the proud Austrians were overpowered and driven back by the mountain peasants.

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Again, some seventy years later, the Austrians tried to conquer Switzerland. When the moment of battle had come, the knights dismounted and stood with their long spears in rest, a wall of bristling steel. The Swiss had only swords and short spears, and they could not even reach their enemies. The Austrians were beginning to curve their lines so as to surround the Swiss, when Ar'nold von Win'kel-ried a brave Swiss, suddenly cried, "My comrades, I will open a way for you!" and threw himself upon the lances, clasping in his arms as many as he could and dragging them to the ground. In an instant his comrades sprang into the opening. The Austrians fought gallantly, but they were routed. It was by such struggles as these that Switzerland freed herself from Austria.

These two stories have been handed down in Switzerland from father to son for many years. People doubt their truth; but in one way at least there is truth in them; namely, they show how earnestly the Swiss loved liberty. They came to hate everything connected with Austria, even peacock feathers, because they were the symbol of Austria. It is said that once when the sun shone through a drinking glass and made the detested colors, the ardent—but rather foolish—patriot who held it dashed it to the floor, rather than use a thing that reminded him of the Austrian rule.

The Swiss of the Forest Cantons. — Count Rudolph. — The troubles of the Swiss. — The shot of Tell. — Tell's escape. — The death of Gessler. — The meeting of the mountaineers. — The defeat of the Austrians by the peasants. — The devotion of Winkelried. — The truth in the legends.