Names and dates are here uncertain. The period probably ranges from 660 to 645: It is supposed that the Empire was founded by Prince Jimmu Tenno about 660
This period ranges from 645 to 1186. During this time up to 1050 the Fujiwara family were in a position of great authority, and exercised the powers of government. After them the Taira family rose to prominence. The Taira were crushed by the Minamoto, whose chief Yoritomo became Shogun, or acting Emperor, in 1186.
This period lasted from 1186 to 1868. The Mikado was always the Emperor, but the Shogun governed on his behalf. The Shogunate was usually held by the chief of a great family.
| Dynasty of Minamoto Shoguns, | 1186-1219. |
| Dynasty of Shadow Shoguns (Hojo regents), | 1220-1334. |
| Dynasty of Ashikaga Shoguns, | 1334-1573. |
| Dynasty of Usurping Shoguns, | 1573-1603. |
| Dynasty of Tokugawa Shoguns, | 1603-1868. |
The Emperor regains his ancient power, and the Shogunate is abolished.